Application of a Child Sex Trafficking Screening Tool in Patients with Abuse: A Retrospective Chart Review in the Pediatric Emergency Department

Author: Ellis, Andrea; Brown, Angela; Martini, Abigail; Page, Erica; Lin, Li & Vaughn, Lisa

Abstract: Human trafficking (HT) is a global problem that may affect children's health. In the United States, victims and children are at risk in most communities. History of abuse is a risk factor for HT. This study explored associations between pediatric patients with positive universal abuse screens and indicators from the commercial sexual exploitation of children/child sex trafficking (CSEC/CST) screening tool. A retrospective chart review was conducted on random patients, aged 11–17 years, with positive universal abuse screens at emergency/urgent care departments in a large Midwest pediatric medical center in 2018. Documentation identifying at least two CSEC/CST screening tool indicators was abstracted from these records. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, univariate analyses, and correlations. Two or more indicators from the CSEC/CST screening tool were identified in 43% (n = 121). Age and history of running away were significant predictors for a patient having two or more CSEC/CST positive indicators. Targeted screening and interventions are needed to identify and help these vulnerable youth.

Keywords: human trafficking, commercial sexual exploitation of children, child sex trafficking